As the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and a leading cause of cancer death, knowing the facts about prostate cancer and early detection is important. September is Prostate Cancer Awareness Month, which is used to highlight the disease.

When it comes to prostate cancer, men should talk with their doctor about whether or not they should be tested. Risk factors include:

• Age: Your risk increases after age 50, and most cases occur in men over 65.

• Race/ethnicity: Prostate cancer occurs more often in African American men, who are also more likely to be diagnosed at a later stage.

• Family history: Having one or more close relatives who have had prostate cancer increases your risk, particularly if they were diagnosed before age 65.

The American Cancer Society believes men should be offered a PSA (prostate-specific antigen) blood test and a digital rectal examination starting at age 50 to help detect prostate cancer early. African American men or men with a strong family history of prostate cancer (a father or brother who was diagnosed before age 65) should begin testing at age 45.

However, there are limits to the current screening methods. Neither test is 100% accurate, and uncertain or false test results could lead to excess worry, or even an unneeded biopsy or other tests. Until more information is available, it is crucial for men to develop a good relationship with their doctor so they feel comfortable taking an active part in the choice of whether or not they should have the tests.

When deciding whether or not prostate cancer tests are right for you, you should consider your age and your health. If you are young and you get prostate cancer, it will likely shorten your life if not caught early. But if you are older or in poor health, than prostate cancer may never become a major problem because it is generally a slow-growing cancer.

Your doctor should give you the chance to openly discuss the benefits and limitations of testing at yearly checkups. You can actively take part in the decision by learning about prostate cancer and talking with your doctor about benefits, risks, side effects, and questions about early prostate cancer tests, so you can make an informed decision that takes into account your own situation and risk.

For more information about prostate cancer, visit online at www.cancer.org/prostatecancer.